Failure mode and effect analysis using regret theory and PROMETHEE under linguistic neutrosophic context

Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), which aims to identify and assess potential failure modes in a system, has been widely utilized in diverse areas for improving and enhancing the performance of systems due to it is a powerful and useful risk and reliability assessment instrument. However, the conventional FMEA approach has been suffered several criticisms for it has some shortcomings, such as unable to handle ambiguous and uncertain information, neglect the relative weights of risk criteria, and without considering the psychological behaviors of decision-makers. To ameliorate these limitations, this paper aims at establishing a hybrid risk ranking model of FMEA via combing linguistic neutrosophic numbers, regret theory, and PROMETHEE (Preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation) approach. In the presented model, linguistic neutrosophic numbers are adopted to capture decision-makers’ evaluation regarding the failure modes on each risk criterion. A modified PROMETHEE approach based on regret theory is presented to obtain the risk priority of failure modes considering the psychological behaviors of decision-makers. Moreover, a maximizing deviation model and TOPSIS (Technique for order preference similar to ideal solution) are separately applied to derive the weights of risk criteria and decision-makers. Finally, a numerical example relating to the supercritical water gasification system is employed to implement the presented method, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model are validated by the results derived from a sensitivity and comparison analysis.     

安全工程专业基础课翻转课堂探索应用与研究--以《燃烧学》的翻转课堂教学为例

为了培养本科生的实践能力、创新能力、团队合作等多项工程核心能力,探索性地将翻转课堂教学模式应用于安全工程专业基础课《燃烧学》教学中。结合问卷调查分析学生自主学习、沟通合作能力,教师信息技术素养、课堂管理能力,结果显示:自主学习能力强及参与度高的学生教学效果良好,期末考评中优秀率上升明显。微视频自主学习在翻转课堂课前学习中占重要地位,但并不是学生最习惯采用的自学方式;教师在课堂氛围、讨论质量及节奏把控方面还需针对性强化。     

Technological innovation paths toward green industry in China

With the environmental carrying capacity reaching its limits and the decreasing margin benefits of traditional production factors, the green transformation and green development through technological innovations has been a major direction for the future development of Chinese industries. However, the characteristics and heterogeneities of various types of industries call for different approaches regarding technological innovations. How to choose the most effective mode of technological innovation according to the characteristics of a certain industry has been a key issue. This paper measures the green total factor productivity of 32 industrial trades using the Slacks Based Measure(SBM)-DDF method. The effects of three innovation modes in the green transformation of industrial industry, including the independent innovation(Ⅱ), the technology introduction(TI), and the government support(GS), are empirically analyzed based on industry heterogeneity. Results indicate that the green total factor productivities of different industries show significant differences if taking into account the energy input and the undesirable output of pollutant emissions. The green total factor productivities of traditional high input,high pollution, and high energy consumption industrial trades were significantly lower than those with obvious green features. The year of 2009 is a leap year for the industrial green transformation in China. For resource-intensive industries, the II and the GS are the important ways to achieve green transformation. For labor-intensive industries, the TI is the best path to achieve green transformation, while for technology-intensive industries, the II is the primary driving force for the promotion of green developments. In addition, the innovation-compensating effect of the current Chinese environmental regulations to the resource-intensive industries has been revealed. Improving the overall scale and the industrial concentration of the industries is also beneficial for the green transformation of the industries.     

A hybrid decision-making approach based on FCM and MOORA for occupational health and safety risk analysis

IntroductionWith the development of industries and increased diversity of their associated hazards, the importance of identifying these hazards and controlling the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks has also dramatically augmented. Currently, there is a serious need for a risk management system to identify and prioritize risks with the aim of providing corrective/preventive measures to minimize the negative consequences of OHS risks. In fact, this system can help the protection of employees’ health and reduction of organizational costs. Method: The present study proposes a hybrid decision-making approach based on the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM), and Multi-Objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) for assessing and prioritizing OHS risks. After identifying the risks and determining the values of the risk assessment criteria via the FMEA technique, the attempt is made to determine the weights of criteria based on their causal relationships through FCM and the hybrid learning algorithm. Then, the risk prioritization is carried out using the MOORA method based on the decision matrix (the output of the FMEA) and the weights of the criteria (the output of the FCM). Results: The results from the implementation of the proposed approach in a manufacturing company reveal that the score at issue can overcome some of the drawbacks of the traditional Risk Priority Number (RPN) in the conventional FMEA, including lack of assignment the different relative importance to the assessment criteria, inability to take into account other important management criteria, lack of consideration of causal relationships among criteria, and high dependence of the prioritization on the experts’ opinions, which finally provides a full and distinct risk prioritization.     

基于效果-效率-适应性的养殖废弃物资源化利用管理模式评价框架构建及初步应用

由于产业发展正处于转型阶段,我国畜禽养殖污染治理中的管理问题比技术问题更加突出,选择适宜的组织管理模式尤其重要。融合了效果分析、效率评价和适应性分析,尝试构建一个养殖废弃物资源化利用管理模式综合评价框架,并选择太湖流域4个不同类型的典型案例进行方法例证。研究表明,传统的养殖企业主导型管理模式应用于小型、分散养殖废弃物资源化利用时面临着经济效率低、适应性差难题;农村废弃物处理中心、种植企业和有机肥企业的参与可以改善小型、分散养殖废弃物资源化利用的经济效率;综合考虑效果、效率与适应性,种植企业、有机肥企业主导型模式的适宜推广范围更广。应根据不同地区种植-养殖产业关系、污染治理需求、经济发展水平与政府投入能力等,灵活组合应用不同管理模式。     

基于条分模式的边坡可靠度近似计算方法

通过对边坡稳定分析方法中的条分理论和响应面法的研究,针对边坡可靠性计算往往没有明确的解析表达式,以及稳定性系数计算方法和响应面法(RSM)的特点,将响应面法中的有限元数值模拟以条分模式中的稳定性系数隐式方程的迭代计算方法代替,建立了条分模式下的边坡可靠性计算的极限状态方程,从而形成了一种新的边坡稳定可靠性响应面分析方法。本文提出的改进的响应面法原理简单,计算效率较高并具有一定的精度,适用于对边坡可靠度的近似计算。     

基于Hilbert谱信息熵的煤矸放落振动特征分析

针对煤矿安全生产中的综放工作面煤矸界面探测问题,提出利用煤矸下落冲击钢板的振动特征来探测煤矸界面的方法。煤矸振动信号表现出非平稳特征,采用经验模态分解方法将复杂矿井环境下的煤矸振动信号分解成固有模态分量。选择包含煤矸振动特征的前7个本征模函数(IMF)分量,通过Hilbert变换得到Hilbert谱。分析不同放煤状态下钢板振动信号的Hilbert谱发现,顶煤下落时的Hilbert谱分布较均匀,而煤矸混放时的Hilbert谱呈现不均匀分布。根据信息熵理论,提出了基于Hilbert谱信息熵的煤矸振动特征提取方法。试验结果表明,顶煤下落时的Hilbert谱信息熵要大于煤矸混放时的Hilbert谱信息熵,因此,煤矸振动的Hilbert谱信息熵特征能够准确地反映放煤状态。     

美国煤矿安全管理发展的研究与分析

为借鉴发达国家在煤矿安全管理的成功经验和失败教训,尽快提高我国煤矿的安全管理水平,采用数量统计和归纳总结等方法,分析美国煤矿安全生产水平与其社会政治、经济、法制、文化、科技、装备等的关系,讨论美国在不同社会发展阶段的社会政治经济特征;根据不同发展阶段的社会生态类型、安全诉求和安全观念对煤矿安全的影响,总结归纳美国由煤矿安全事故高发期向事故快速稳定下降期转变所采取的不同的煤矿安全管理策略。提出煤矿安全发展过程具有明显的阶段性特点,指出在由农业社会向工业化社会发展阶段,事故快速上升是必然的过程,通过完善法律法规等办法可加快煤矿安全向稳定好转的方向发展。     

学校安全教育的主要模式、驱动机制与路径选择

学校安全教育模式是保障学校安全教育效果的关键。准确界定学校安全教育模式的概念内涵,精炼概括学校安全教育两种模式—传统模式和现代模式,在学校安全教育系统中应同时采用传统模式和现代模式,使其相互补充则是学校安全教育的发展趋势,并从法律保障—法律、法规和政策的健全、内驱动力—对比较利益的追求、外驱动力—教育现代化三个方面深刻剖析学校安全教育的驱动机制,从而提出学校安全教育的路径选择。     

城市轨道交通多层地下车站公共区排烟方案设计

随着城市轨道交通线网建设的发展,后建线路深埋将会加大,地下车站也将由原来常规的两层变为多层。车站深埋后对人员疏散和排烟系统提出了新的课题。在分析了地铁排烟系统设计与民用建筑的区别的基础上,研究提出了多层车站排烟系统设计及运行模式,包括站台、站厅及中间层的排烟系统方案及运行模式设计,可为同行提供参考。